We build walls from 2 feet (garden walls) up to 12+ feet (engineered terraces). Walls over 4 feet require an engineer's stamp and permit.
What's the most important part of a retaining wall?
What you can't see — drainage. A wall without proper perforated drain tile, crushed-stone backfill, and geotextile separator will fail within 5–10 years no matter how good the face stone looks.
Can you build into a slope or only against existing soil?
Both. We can cut into a hillside for a benched terrace or build a freestanding wall to create a level yard above grade. Each requires different drainage and structural approach.